Nýrnkrabbamein

Nýrnkrabbamein refers to cancer that begins in the kidneys. The most common type is renal cell carcinoma (RCC), which originates in the lining of the renal tubules. Other, less common types include transitional cell carcinoma, Wilms tumor (which primarily affects children), and renal sarcoma.

Risk factors for developing nýrnkrabbamein include smoking, obesity, high blood pressure, and certain hereditary conditions like von Hippel-Lindau disease. Exposure to certain industrial chemicals and long-term use of some pain relievers may also increase risk.

Symptoms can be varied and may not appear until the cancer is advanced. Common signs include blood in the urine (hematuria), a lump or mass in the side or abdomen, persistent pain in the side or lower back, fatigue, fever, and unexplained weight loss.

Diagnosis typically involves medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scans, or MRI scans. A biopsy may be performed to confirm the diagnosis and determine the specific type of kidney cancer. Blood and urine tests can also provide important information.

Treatment options depend on the stage and type of cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. These can include surgery to remove the tumor (nephrectomy), targeted therapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. In some cases, active surveillance may be an option for very small, slow-growing tumors. Early detection and treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.