Näringsförråd

Näringsförråd refers to the stored reserves of essential nutrients within an organism. These reserves are crucial for maintaining bodily functions, growth, and development, especially during periods of limited nutrient availability. The primary näringsförråd are found in adipose tissue (fat), which stores energy in the form of lipids, and in the liver and muscles, which store glycogen, a form of stored glucose.

Minerals like calcium are largely stored in bones and teeth, serving as both structural components and readily accessible reservoirs. Iron is primarily stored in the liver, spleen, and bone marrow, mainly bound to ferritin and hemosiderin. Vitamins, particularly fat-soluble vitamins like A, D, E, and K, can be stored in adipose tissue and the liver, while water-soluble vitamins generally have limited storage capacity, with excess being excreted.

The mobilization of these näringsförråd is tightly regulated by hormonal and metabolic signals. For example, when blood glucose levels drop, glucagon stimulates the breakdown of liver glycogen to release glucose. Similarly, during periods of fasting or increased energy demand, the body accesses stored lipids for energy. Maintaining adequate näringsförråd is vital for overall health and survival. Deficiencies can arise if intake is insufficient or if mobilization mechanisms are impaired, leading to various health issues.