Nyomófeszültségre

Nyomófeszültségre, also known as pressure voltage, refers to the electrical potential difference developed as a direct result of a pressure difference acting on a sensor element. The term is used mainly in pneumatic and hydraulic instrumentation, as well as in vacuum technology, to describe how mechanical pressure is transduced into an electrical signal.

In most pressure transducers the sensing element may be a strain gauge, a piezoelectric crystal, or a capacitive diaphragm. When the element is compressed or stretched, its electrical resistance or capacitance changes. This change is then converted by a signal conditioning circuit into a measurable voltage. The output voltage, ±5 V, 0‑10 V, or 4‑20 mA, is proportional to the applied gauge pressure within a defined range. The relationship is typically linear, though some devices employ a logarithmic or polynomial conversion for improved accuracy across a wide span.

The measurement of nyomófeszültségé are performed with multimeters, data acquisition cards or specialized pressure analyzers. Calibration is essential; a known reference pressure is applied, and the resulting voltage is recorded to create a transfer function. Temperature compensation is also required, as most sensor materials exhibit temperature‑dependent behaviour.

Typical applications include monitoring of pipeline pressure, controlling vacuum chamber pressure for semiconductor processing, and measuring gas flow in industrial plants. In addition, pressure‑to‑voltage conversion is a key component in safety systems, such as emergency shut‑off valves, where an accurate and reliable voltage representation of pressure is crucial for timely intervention.