Nyirokcsomóéri

Nyirokcsomóéri, also known as lymphatic edema or lymphoedema, is a chronic condition characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces of tissues due to impaired lymphatic drainage. The lymphatic system is a network of vessels and nodes that plays a crucial role in fluid balance, immune defense, and the transport of fats. When this system is compromised, lymph fluid, which contains proteins, waste products, and immune cells, cannot be effectively removed, leading to swelling.

There are two main types of nyirokcsomóéri: primary and secondary. Primary nyirokcsomóéri is a rare, inherited condition caused by developmental abnormalities of the lymphatic system. Secondary nyirokcsomóéri is much more common and occurs as a result of damage to the lymphatic system from external causes. These can include surgery, particularly cancer surgery involving lymph node removal (e.g., mastectomy, prostatectomy), radiation therapy, infection, trauma, or chronic venous insufficiency. Certain cancers themselves can also obstruct lymphatic vessels.

The most common symptom of nyirokcsomóéri is swelling, typically in an arm or leg, but it can affect other parts of the body. The affected limb may feel heavy, tight, or uncomfortable. Skin changes can occur over time, including thickening, hardening, and the development of warty growths. Recurrent infections in the swollen limb are also a frequent complication. Diagnosis is usually based on a physical examination and medical history. Imaging techniques like lymphoscintigraphy or MRI may be used to assess lymphatic function.

While there is no cure for nyirokcsomóéri, management focuses on reducing swelling, preventing complications, and improving quality of life. Treatments include compression therapy (bandages or garments), lymphatic drainage massage, exercise, and meticulous skin care to prevent infection. In some cases, surgery may be considered. Early diagnosis and consistent management are key to controlling the condition.