Northumbrias

Northumbria was a kingdom in northern England that existed from the 7th century until the 10th century. It was one of the seven kingdoms that made up the Anglo-Saxon Heptarchy. The kingdom was centered around the region of Northumbria, which is now part of the modern-day counties of Northumberland and Tyne and Wear. The name "Northumbria" is derived from the Old English words "norþ" meaning north, and "hymbre" meaning people or tribe.

The kingdom was founded in the 7th century by Edwin, a member of the Bernician dynasty. Edwin united the Bernicians and the Deira, two separate kingdoms, to form Northumbria. The kingdom reached its height under the rule of Oswiu, who converted to Christianity and became a patron of the arts and learning. Oswiu's son, Ecgfrith, continued his father's policies and expanded the kingdom's territory.

In the 9th century, Northumbria faced internal strife and external invasions. The kingdom was divided into two parts, Northumbria and Mercia, in 867. The two kingdoms were reunited under Athelstan in 927, but Northumbria was no longer a separate political entity. The region continued to be known as Northumbria, but it was incorporated into the larger kingdom of England.

Northumbria is known for its rich history and cultural heritage. The kingdom was a center of learning and the arts, and many of its rulers were patrons of the arts. The kingdom also played a significant role in the spread of Christianity in England. Today, Northumbria is a popular tourist destination, with many historic sites and attractions, including Hadrian's Wall, the city of York, and the ruins of Bamburgh Castle.