Noric

Noric, commonly referred to as Noricum in Latin, was an ancient Celtic region in what is now Austria and Slovenia. It lay in the eastern Alpine area along the upper Danube and Drava rivers, extending into parts of present-day Carinthia, Styria, and western Slovenia.

Inhabited by Celtic tribes collectively known as the Norici, the region developed a distinct culture and was noted for its iron ore resources. The area supplied high-quality iron and alloyed steels that were distributed across the Roman world.

During the late Republic, Noricum came under Roman influence and was incorporated as a Roman province around 16 BCE, becoming an important part of the empire's northern frontier. The Romans established urban centers and roads, facilitating trade and Romanization, including the spread of Latin and Roman administration. The provincial capital was at Virunum (near modern Klagenfurt) with other key centers along the Danube and in the Styrian and Slovenian territories.

Economy and culture: Noricum's metallurgy, especially iron ore and Noric steel, contributed to military equipment and tools. The region supported mining, metalworking, and forestry, and engaged in long-distance trading networks connecting Gallia, Italia, and the Danubian provinces.

Legacy: After late antiquity, Noricum remained a historical term representing the region's Celtic and Roman heritage. Archaeological finds, inscriptions, and coinage from Noricum provide insight into its integration into the Roman world and its role in ancient metal production.