Nonmonogamous

Nonmonogamy is a broad term for relationship structures in which individuals have intimate or sexual relationships with more than one partner with the informed consent of all involved. It contrasts with monogamy, where commitment is exclusive to one partner. The term encompasses a range of practices and identities, and is used by people who pursue multiple connections for various emotional, sexual, or social reasons.

Common forms include polyamory, where people have multiple loving relationships with the knowledge and consent of all partners; open relationships, where a committed couple may date or have sexual encounters with others; swinging, often involving sexual activity with other couples, typically in social or party settings; relationship anarchism, which emphasizes autonomy and de-emphasizes traditional rules; and solo poly, where a person pursues relationships without prioritizing a primary partnership.

Core principles include ongoing, explicit consent; open communication about boundaries, expectations, and safety; negotiated agreements and ongoing consent; honesty about emotions and risk management, including sexual health. Practices vary widely across individuals and communities, and arrangements are often tailored to personal values and circumstances.

Dynamics may be hierarchical (with one relationship prioritized) or non-hierarchical; arrangements can include platonic or romantic connections, long-distance or local partnerships, and networks that form polycules or larger social circles. Cultural and social contexts influence acceptance, privacy needs, and the way people disclose or manage their relationships.

Challenges and considerations include jealousy, time management, social stigma, and legal or parental issues in some jurisdictions. Reported benefits include emotional support, companionship, and resilience for some participants. Research on nonmonogamy is ongoing, with findings often drawn from self-selected samples; ethical nonmonogamy emphasizes consent and transparency over secrecy.