Niveltulehdus

Niveltulehdus, known in English as arthritis, is a general term referring to inflammation of one or more joints. This inflammation can cause pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion in the affected joints. There are many different types of niveltulehdus, each with its own causes and characteristics.

The most common form is nivelrikko, or osteoarthritis, which is a degenerative condition where the cartilage cushioning the ends of bones in a joint wears down over time. This often affects weight-bearing joints like the knees and hips, as well as the hands. Another prevalent type is nivelreuma, or rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease where the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the lining of the joints, causing inflammation and potential damage. Psoriasisniveltulehdus, or psoriatic arthritis, is associated with psoriasis, a skin condition, and can affect various joints.

Symptoms of niveltulehdus can vary depending on the type and severity. Persistent joint pain, stiffness that is often worse in the morning or after periods of inactivity, swelling, redness, and warmth around the joint are common. The condition can impact daily activities and quality of life. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, medical history, blood tests, and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI scans. Treatment aims to manage pain, reduce inflammation, preserve joint function, and prevent further damage, and may include medications, physical therapy, lifestyle modifications, and in some cases, surgery.