Nierentoxizität

Nierentoxizität refers to damage to the kidneys caused by exposure to toxic substances. These toxins can be medications, chemicals, heavy metals, or even certain natural compounds. The kidneys are particularly susceptible to damage because they filter a large volume of blood and are responsible for excreting waste products and toxins from the body. When exposed to nephrotoxic agents, the delicate structures within the kidney, such as the glomeruli, tubules, and interstitial tissue, can be injured.

Symptoms of Nierentoxizität can vary depending on the severity and cause of the damage. Mild cases may present with no noticeable symptoms, while more severe cases can lead to acute kidney injury or chronic kidney disease. Symptoms can include decreased urine output, swelling in the legs and ankles, fatigue, nausea, and changes in urination frequency. Laboratory tests, such as blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and serum creatinine levels, are crucial for diagnosing kidney damage. Urinalysis can also reveal abnormalities like protein or blood in the urine.

The treatment for Nierentoxizität focuses on removing the offending agent if possible, managing symptoms, and supporting kidney function. This may involve discontinuing a nephrotoxic medication, chelation therapy for heavy metal poisoning, or supportive care like fluid management and electrolyte correction. Prevention is also key, involving careful consideration of medication dosages, avoiding unnecessary exposure to toxins, and maintaining good hydration.