Napfényingadozások

Napfényingadozások, meaning "sunspot cycles" in Hungarian, refers to the approximately 11-year cycle of solar activity observed by astronomers. During this cycle, the number of sunspots on the Sun's surface fluctuates. Sunspots are temporary phenomena on the photosphere of the Sun that appear as dark spots compared to surrounding areas. They are caused by intense magnetic activity which inhibits convection within the Sun.

The solar cycle is characterized by a period of minimum solar activity, followed by a gradual increase in sunspot numbers to a maximum, and then a decline back to minimum. This cycle also influences other solar phenomena such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, which are bursts of energy and charged particles that can affect space weather. Variations in solar activity have been linked to potential impacts on Earth's climate and technological systems, although the exact nature and extent of these influences are subjects of ongoing scientific research. The study of napfényingadozások is crucial for understanding the Sun's behavior and its relationship with the heliosphere and Earth.