NaOI

NaOI, or sodium hypoiodite, is the sodium salt of hypoiodous acid (IO−). In solution it exists as the hypoiodite anion, IO−, but the species is inherently unstable. Solid NaOI is rarely isolated; in practice the compound is generated and used in situ as a source of hypoiodite in mildly basic media. In water, hypoiodite tends to disproportionate to iodide and iodate, and under storage or heat it can release iodine, making stable preparations uncommon.

Preparation and handling: NaOI is typically produced by oxidizing iodide in mildly basic solution with oxidants such as hypochlorite or hydrogen peroxide, generating IO− in situ. Because of its instability, it is not typically sold as a standalone reagent; it is employed as a temporary source of hypoiodite for short-lived reactions.

Applications: Due to its oxidative and iodinating properties, NaOI is used in organic synthesis and analytical chemistry as a reagent to introduce iodine or to effect oxidation via hypoiodite. It is most often used in situ rather than as a storable material; the approach minimizes decomposition and side-reaction risks.

Safety: NaOI is a powerful oxidizer and can release iodine and other reactive species on decomposition. It is corrosive and should be handled with appropriate protective equipment in a well-ventilated area, away from reducing agents and acids. It may react vigorously with organics or reducing substances.