NIS1

NIS1, or the Network and Information Security Directive, is a European Union regulation aimed at enhancing the security of network and information systems across the EU. It was adopted in 2016 and became enforceable in 2018. The directive applies to all organizations, regardless of size or sector, that provide essential services or operate in critical infrastructure sectors. These sectors include energy, transport, banking, financial market infrastructures, health, drinking water supply and distribution, and digital infrastructure.

The primary goal of NIS1 is to improve the overall level of security of network and information systems within the EU. It requires organizations to implement appropriate and proportionate technical and organizational measures to manage risks posed to the security of network and information systems. This includes measures to prevent, detect, and respond to incidents, as well as to restore the security of the network and information systems.

NIS1 also establishes a framework for cooperation and information sharing among member states. It requires member states to designate national competent authorities responsible for implementing the directive and to establish a cooperation group to facilitate information exchange and cooperation among these authorities.

The directive also includes provisions for notification and reporting of incidents. Organizations are required to notify competent authorities of certain types of incidents, such as large-scale cyber-attacks, and to report on the number and nature of incidents they experience.

NIS1 is part of the EU's broader strategy to enhance cybersecurity and critical infrastructure protection. It is complemented by other regulations, such as the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which also address aspects of data security and privacy. The directive is regularly reviewed and updated to address emerging threats and challenges in the field of network and information security.