NH42HPO4

Ammonium hydrogen phosphate with the chemical formula (NH4)2HPO4 is a white crystalline compound that is highly soluble in water. It consists of ammonium cations and hydrogen phosphate anions. The compound has a molecular weight of 132.06 g/mol and typically appears as colorless crystals or white powder. It is commonly used in fertilizers due to its high nutrient content of both nitrogen and phosphorus, which are essential for plant growth. In laboratory settings, it serves as a buffer solution in biochemical applications because of its ability to maintain stable pH levels. The compound can be prepared through the reaction of phosphoric acid with ammonia. When heated, ammonium hydrogen phosphate decomposes into ammonia and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate. It is generally considered non-toxic but should be handled with care as it may cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory system upon exposure. The compound is also used in some fire retardant formulations and as a nutrient medium in microbiological cultures.