Mængdeandel

Mængdeandel, often translated as mole fraction or molar fraction, is a dimensionless quantity representing the ratio of the amount of a component in a mixture to the total amount of all components in the mixture. It is a common way to express the composition of a solution or mixture.

The formula for the mole fraction of a component 'i' (X_i) is given by:

X_i = n_i / n_total

where n_i is the amount of substance (in moles) of component 'i', and n_total is the total amount of substance (in moles) of all components in the mixture.

The sum of the mole fractions of all components in a mixture must equal 1. For example, in a binary mixture of components A and B, X_A + X_B = 1. Mole fraction is independent of temperature and pressure, making it a useful measure for describing solutions, especially at different physical conditions. It is distinct from mass fraction, which uses mass instead of moles. Understanding mængdeandel is crucial in various fields of chemistry, including physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and chemical engineering, for calculations involving reaction stoichiometry, colligative properties, and phase equilibria.