Májmérgek

Májmérgek is a Czech term that translates to "liver poisons" or "liver toxins." It generally refers to substances that can cause damage to the liver, a vital organ responsible for numerous metabolic functions, including detoxification. These substances can be endogenous, meaning produced by the body, or exogenous, meaning introduced from an external source.

Common exogenous májmérgek include alcohol, certain medications (such as acetaminophen when taken in excessive doses), industrial chemicals (like carbon tetrachloride), and some natural toxins found in poisonous mushrooms or plants. Viral hepatitis, caused by hepatitis A, B, or C viruses, is another significant cause of liver damage, often referred to as májmérgek in a broader sense of damaging agents.

The liver has a remarkable capacity for regeneration, but prolonged or severe exposure to májmérgek can overwhelm its defenses, leading to inflammation (hepatitis), scarring (fibrosis), and eventually cirrhosis or liver failure. Symptoms of liver damage can vary widely and may include fatigue, jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes), abdominal pain, nausea, and swelling.

Prevention and management of májmérgek involve avoiding excessive alcohol consumption, using medications only as prescribed, taking precautions against exposure to environmental toxins, and practicing safe hygiene to prevent viral infections. Early detection and treatment are crucial for minimizing liver damage and improving outcomes.