Myofibroblastokká

Myofibroblastokká, also known as myofibroblast transdifferentiation, is a biological process where fibroblasts—a type of cell found in connective tissue—undergo a transformation into myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts are specialized cells that play a critical role in wound healing, tissue repair, and fibrosis. This process is characterized by the acquisition of smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and other contractile proteins, enabling the cells to exert contractile forces essential for tissue remodeling.

The transition from fibroblasts to myofibroblasts is typically triggered by various stimuli, including growth factors such as transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), mechanical stress, and inflammatory signals. This process is particularly prominent during tissue injury, where myofibroblasts contribute to wound contraction and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. However, prolonged activation of myofibroblasts can lead to excessive fibrosis, a condition where scar tissue forms abnormally, potentially impairing organ function.

Myofibroblastokká is a dynamic and reversible process, meaning that myofibroblasts can return to a fibroblast-like state under certain conditions, such as the resolution of inflammation or the removal of stimulating factors. This plasticity allows for both tissue repair and the potential for fibrosis resolution, depending on the regulatory environment.

Research into myofibroblastokká is crucial for understanding diseases associated with fibrosis, such as pulmonary fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, and scleroderma. Therapeutic strategies targeting this process aim to either enhance or inhibit myofibroblast activity, depending on the clinical context. For instance, anti-fibrotic treatments may seek to prevent excessive myofibroblast activation, while pro-regenerative approaches might aim to optimize their role in tissue repair.