Munasarjasyövässä

Munasarjasyövässä is a Finnish term that translates to ovarian cancer. It refers to a group of cancerous tumors that start in the ovaries. The ovaries are part of the female reproductive system and produce eggs and hormones. Ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at later stages because its symptoms can be vague and similar to other, less serious conditions.

The exact cause of ovarian cancer is not fully understood, but several risk factors have been identified. These include age, family history of ovarian or breast cancer, genetic mutations like BRCA1 and BRCA2, never having been pregnant, and early onset of menstruation or late onset of menopause.

Symptoms of ovarian cancer can include bloating, pelvic or abdominal pain, difficulty eating, and feeling full quickly, as well as changes in bowel or bladder habits. Due to the non-specific nature of these symptoms, they are often ignored or attributed to other issues.

Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, blood tests to check for a tumor marker called CA-125, and imaging tests such as a pelvic ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI. A biopsy is usually required for a definitive diagnosis.

Treatment options depend on the stage and type of ovarian cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Common treatments include surgery to remove the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and uterus, and chemotherapy. Radiation therapy may also be used in some cases. Early detection and prompt treatment are crucial for improving outcomes.