Montaaivajadus

Montaaivajadus, also known as mountain sickness, is a condition that occurs when a person ascends to high altitudes, typically above 2,500 meters (8,200 feet). It is characterized by symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and fatigue. These symptoms are caused by the body's response to the reduced oxygen levels at high altitudes. The body attempts to compensate for the lower oxygen by increasing the production of red blood cells, which can lead to fluid retention and swelling in the brain, resulting in the aforementioned symptoms.

The exact mechanisms behind mountain sickness are not fully understood, but it is believed to be a combination of factors, including the body's response to hypoxia, the rapid ascent, and individual susceptibility. Symptoms usually begin within 6 to 12 hours after reaching high altitude and can last for several days. In severe cases, mountain sickness can progress to high-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) or high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE), which are life-threatening conditions.

Prevention and treatment of mountain sickness involve gradual ascent, adequate hydration, and the use of medications such as acetazolamide. Acclimatization, the process by which the body adapts to high altitudes, can also help reduce the risk of mountain sickness. It is important for individuals planning to ascend to high altitudes to be aware of the symptoms of mountain sickness and to seek medical attention if symptoms worsen or persist.