Monostabilen

Monostabilen is a term derived from "monostable" and commonly used in German-speaking technical literature to describe circuits or systems with a single stable state. In electronics, a monostable multivibrator (also called a one-shot) remains indefinitely in its stable state until an external trigger forces it into a transient state; after a defined interval it returns automatically to the stable state. The triggered output is therefore a precisely timed pulse whose duration is determined by circuit parameters.

Common implementations include RC-timed transistor or op-amp circuits, the 555 timer in monostable configuration, and digital one-shot circuits built from logic gates or programmable timers. Pulse width may be fixed by an RC time constant, a crystal-controlled oscillator and counter, or by programmable logic, and designs may be retriggerable (extending the pulse if retriggered) or non-retriggerable.

Monostable circuits are used for debouncing switches, generating time delays, pulse stretching, edge detection, and converting irregular inputs into uniform pulses for measurement or control. Performance characteristics include pulse accuracy, minimum and maximum pulse widths, recovery time, and sensitivity to noise and supply variations. Practical considerations involve trigger conditioning, shielding from interference, temperature stability of timing components, and trade-offs between simplicity and precision.

Beyond electronics, the concept of a single stable state appears in control theory and other disciplines to describe systems that require an external event to leave equilibrium and that return automatically after a finite response.