Molariteetti

Molariteetti, the Finnish term for molarity, is a measure of the concentration of a solute in a solution. It is defined as the amount of solute, in moles, per liter of solution and is commonly denoted by the symbol M (mol/L).

M = n / V, where n is the number of moles of solute and V is the final volume of the solution in liters. Because volume changes with temperature, molarity is temperature-dependent, whereas molality—moles of solute per kilogram of solvent—largely is temperature-independent.

To prepare a solution of a desired molarity, weigh the solute, dissolve it, and adjust the final volume to the target value. For example, to obtain 1.00 liter of 0.100 M NaCl, dissolve 0.100 moles of NaCl and dilute with water to reach 1.00 L.

Dilution follows the relation M1V1 = M2V2. Molariteetti is widely used in stoichiometric calculations, titrations, and the preparation of reagents, especially in aqueous chemistry.

Limitations include that molarity depends on volume, which can deviate from ideal additive volumes at high concentrations or with non-aqueous solvents. It is not an intrinsic property of the solute and may be affected by temperature, pressure, and measurement accuracy.