ModusIndikator

ModusIndikator is a statistical indicator used in descriptive data analysis to measure how strongly a dataset concentrates around its mode. It is defined as the proportion of observations that equal the most frequent value (the mode) relative to the total number of observations. For a dataset with a single mode, ModusIndikator equals f_mode / N, where f_mode is the frequency of the mode and N is the sample size. Values range from 0 to 1, with higher values indicating a stronger concentration on the mode.

Computation and interpretation: The calculation uses f_mode, the maximum frequency among all distinct values, and N, the total number of observations. In practice, when multiple values share the maximum frequency (a multimodal distribution), ModusIndikator is still computed as f_mode / N, but the presence of several modes should be considered in interpretation, as it signals higher data diversity around several values rather than a single peak. A simple example: for the data [1, 1, 1, 2, 3], N = 5 and f_mode = 3, so ModusIndikator = 0.6.

Applications and limitations: ModusIndikator provides a quick summary of concentration around the mode and is useful in data profiling, quality assessment, and anomaly detection when the mode carries meaningful information. It is most informative for relatively small or discrete datasets. Limitations include sensitivity to sample size and data granularity, especially in categorical data with many categories, where the indicator may be inflated by a few frequent values. It is best used alongside other measures of dispersion and distribution shape.