Mjukjärn

Mjukjärn, also known as soft iron, is a type of iron with very low carbon content. This low carbon concentration is crucial for its characteristic properties. Unlike hard irons, mjukjärn is easily magnetized and demagnetized, making it highly permeable to magnetic fields. This property is central to its various applications.

The manufacturing process of mjukjärn typically involves refining pig iron to remove impurities and carbon. Common methods include the puddling process or electric arc furnaces. The resulting material is ductile and malleable, allowing it to be shaped and worked into various forms. Its low coercivity means it quickly loses its magnetism once the external magnetic field is removed.

Mjukjärn finds extensive use in electrical engineering. It is commonly employed in the cores of electromagnets, transformers, and inductors due to its ability to efficiently concentrate magnetic flux. This allows for efficient energy transfer and manipulation of magnetic fields. Other applications include relays, magnetic shielding, and certain types of sensors. Its ease of magnetization and demagnetization makes it ideal for applications where rapid changes in magnetic state are required.