Mittetariifseteks

Mittetariifseteks, also known as non-tariff barriers, refers to government-imposed restrictions that limit international trade, excluding traditional tariffs on goods. These measures can take various forms and are often used to protect domestic industries, regulate imports, or enforce non-economic policies such as environmental or labor standards.

Common types of non-tariff barriers include quotas, which set maximum limits on the quantity of a product that can be imported; technical standards and regulations, which may require products to meet specific criteria before entry; customs procedures, such as complex documentation or delays; and subsidies, where governments provide financial support to domestic producers, making imported goods less competitive. Other examples include anti-dumping duties, which target imports sold at unfairly low prices, and embargoes, which completely prohibit trade with certain countries or products.

Non-tariff barriers can have significant economic effects. While they may protect domestic industries from foreign competition, they can also increase consumer prices, reduce market efficiency, and lead to retaliatory measures from trading partners. The World Trade Organization (WTO) and other international bodies often address these barriers through negotiations and dispute resolution mechanisms to promote fair and open trade.

Countries may employ non-tariff barriers for reasons beyond economic protectionism, such as addressing public health concerns, ensuring product safety, or enforcing labor and environmental policies. However, when used excessively, they can distort global trade flows and create inefficiencies in supply chains. Businesses operating in international markets must navigate these barriers carefully, often requiring compliance with diverse regulations and adapting products to meet varying standards.