Mitmesammas

Mitmesammas is an Estonian architectural term referring to a distinctive type of multi-tiered or layered column or pillar. These structures are often found in historical Estonian architecture, particularly in churches and public buildings. The defining characteristic of a mitmesammas is its construction from multiple distinct sections or "sammas" (pillars) stacked vertically, creating a visually layered effect.

The purpose of a mitmesammas can be both structural and decorative. In some instances, the layered design may have been employed to distribute weight more effectively or to achieve a greater height than a single solid column would allow. However, the aesthetic appeal of the stacked elements is also a significant factor in its use. The individual "sammas" can vary in shape, diameter, and ornamentation, contributing to the overall complexity and visual interest of the structure.

Examples of mitmesammas can be observed in various medieval churches throughout Estonia, where they might support arches, vaults, or serve as decorative elements within the interior or exterior. The specific design and execution of mitmesammas can differ depending on the period and the architectural style prevalent at the time of construction. This architectural feature highlights a unique approach to column design within the context of Estonian building traditions.