Miljøvurderinger

Miljøvurderinger are environmental assessments used to evaluate the potential environmental consequences of plans, programs or projects before decisions are taken. They are designed to identify significant effects on ecosystems, water and soil quality, air, climate, noise, cultural heritage, landscape, and human health, and to propose measures to avoid, reduce, or offset negative impacts. The assessment also considers cumulative effects and alternatives, including the option to pursue the project in a different form or not at all.

The process typically includes screening to determine whether an assessment is required, scoping to identify relevant issues and define boundaries, collection of baseline environmental data, analysis of potential impacts, assessment of alternatives, and the development of mitigation measures and monitoring plans. Public consultation is often an integral part of the process.

Legally, mil̟jøvurderinger in Denmark are governed by national legislation implementing EU directives on environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment. They apply to various types of plans and projects, especially those with potential for significant effects, and result in an Environmental Impact Assessment Report (Miljørapport) or equivalent documentation, which accompanies the permit decision or plan adoption.

Outputs are intended to inform decision-makers and the public, support informed planning, and promote sustainable development. If significant impacts cannot be mitigated, authorities may require redesign or rejection of the proposal. Examples include major infrastructure projects, energy facilities, and large-scale land development.