Mikrosondenanalytik

Mikrosondenanalytik, also known as microprobe analysis, is a scientific technique used to determine the elemental and isotopic composition of microscopic samples. It involves the use of a focused beam of particles, typically ions or electrons, to interact with the sample. This interaction causes the emission of secondary particles or radiation from the sample, which are then detected and analyzed. The spatial resolution of microprobe analysis is very high, allowing for the characterization of features down to the micrometer or even nanometer scale.

Common types of microprobe analysis include Electron Probe Microanalysis (EPMA) and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS). EPMA uses an electron beam to excite atoms in the sample, causing them to emit characteristic X-rays. The energy and intensity of these X-rays reveal the elemental composition. SIMS uses a primary ion beam to sputter secondary ions from the sample surface. These ions are then mass-analyzed to determine their mass-to-charge ratio, providing information about isotopic composition and trace elements.

Mikrosondenanalytik finds applications in a wide range of fields, including geology, materials science, and biology. In geology, it is used to study the composition of minerals and rocks, providing insights into geological processes and the Earth's history. Materials scientists employ it to analyze the elemental distribution in alloys, semiconductors, and composite materials, aiding in material development and quality control. Biologists utilize microprobe techniques to investigate the elemental and isotopic composition of biological tissues and cells, helping to understand metabolic pathways and environmental influences. The ability to analyze very small sample volumes with high spatial resolution makes Mikrosondenanalytik an invaluable tool for detailed scientific investigation.