Mikrofonisignaali

Mikrofonisignaali refers to the electrical signal produced by a microphone when it converts sound waves into an analog electrical voltage. This signal is a fluctuating waveform that mirrors the characteristics of the original sound, such as its frequency, amplitude, and timbre. The strength of the microphone signal, or its amplitude, is typically very low, measured in millivolts. Therefore, it almost always requires amplification before it can be further processed, recorded, or transmitted.

Microphones operate on various principles, including dynamic (moving coil), condenser (capacitive), and ribbon technologies, each converting sound pressure variations into an electrical current differently. The output signal from a microphone is an analog signal, meaning it is continuous and varies smoothly over time, unlike a digital signal which is represented by discrete values. This analog nature is crucial for accurately capturing the nuances of sound.

The impedance of a microphone also plays a role in signal transmission. Low-impedance microphones are generally preferred for longer cable runs as they are less susceptible to noise and signal degradation. Before being used, the raw microphone signal is often passed through a preamplifier, which boosts its level to a usable line level. This amplified signal can then be sent to mixing consoles, audio interfaces, or other sound processing equipment.