Metamorfizma

Metamorfizma is a term used in multiple disciplines to denote transformation of form or structure. Etymologically from Greek meta- “change” and morphe “form,” the word appears in biology and geology as well as in cultural discourse.

In biology, metamorfizam refers to metamorphosis: the developmental transformation of an animal from an immature form to an adult. Examples include insects such as butterflies and beetles, and amphibians such as tadpoles that become frogs. There are two main types: complete metamorphosis (holometabolism), with egg, larva, pupa, and adult; and incomplete metamorphosis (hemimetabolism), with egg, nymph, and adult. Hormonal control involves ecdysone and juvenile hormone, orchestrating stage transitions. Metamorphosis often reduces ecological competition between life stages by occupying different niches.

In geology, metamorfizam describes the alteration of existing rocks in response to changes in temperature, pressure, and chemically active fluids, resulting in metamorphic rocks such as slate, schist, phyllite, gneiss, marble, and quartzite. Major processes include contact metamorphism near heat sources and regional metamorphism associated with tectonic forces. Characteristic textures include foliation and mineral banding; mineral assemblages adjust to new conditions, and new minerals such as garnet or kyanite may appear. Metamorphism occurs without melting, though partial melting can occur at high grades.

In culture and arts, metamorfizma is used metaphorically to denote change in form, identity, or state, such as transformations in myths, literature, or personal development.