Mesoporózus

Mesoporózus, also known as mesoporous materials, refers to a class of materials characterized by their porous structure, where the pore diameters range between 2 and 50 nanometers. These materials occupy a middle ground between microporous (pore size < 2 nm) and macroporous (pore size > 50 nm) substances, earning the prefix "meso-," derived from the Greek word *mesos*, meaning middle.

Mesoporous materials are widely studied for their unique properties, including high surface area, tunable pore size, and ability to encapsulate or adsorb molecules. They are commonly synthesized using techniques such as sol-gel methods, hydrothermal synthesis, or self-assembly processes involving surfactants. The most well-known example is mesoporous silica, particularly the M41S family of materials, including MCM-41 and SBA-15, which have ordered, hexagonal pore arrangements.

Applications of mesoporous materials span multiple fields. In catalysis, their high surface area and adjustable pore size make them effective as supports for metal nanoparticles or active sites for chemical reactions. In drug delivery, mesoporous silica nanoparticles can encapsulate therapeutic agents, enabling controlled release within the body. Environmental applications include water purification, where mesoporous materials adsorb pollutants, and CO₂ capture due to their high porosity.

Research continues to explore novel synthesis methods and functionalizations to enhance their performance in areas such as energy storage, sensing, and biomedicine. Their versatility and tunability make mesoporous materials a promising platform for advancing technological and scientific applications.