Menorca

Menorca, also Minorca in English, is the easternmost of the Balearic Islands in the western Mediterranean and part of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands, Spain. It covers about 702 square kilometres and has a varied coastline of rocky cliffs, sandy coves and pine forests. The capital is Mahón (Maó), home to a large natural harbor and one of the island’s principal ports; Ciutadella de Menorca (Ciudadela) is the historic former capital and a major heritage center.

Human settlement on the island dates back to the prehistoric era, leaving a notable collection of megalithic monuments such as talaiots, navetas and taulas. After Phoenician, Roman and Moorish presence, Menorca became part of the Crown of Aragon and later the Kingdom of Spain. The island was briefly occupied by Britain in the 18th century and returned to Spain under the Treaty of Amiens. In modern times, tourism, agriculture and crafts form the economy.

Environment and heritage: Menorca is designated a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve (1993). The s'Albufera des Grau Natural Park protects coastal lagoons and habitats. The interior is hilly, with Monte Toro as the highest point. The island is famed for its beaches—Cala Mitjana, Cala Macarella—and limestone landscapes and pinewoods.

Culture and cuisine: The local language is Menorquin, a dialect of Catalan, alongside Spanish. Notable products include Queso Mahón-Menorca (DOP) and gin Xoriguer. The Camí de Cavalls, a 185-kilometer coastal footpath, encircles the island and is popular for hiking and cycling. Traditional festivals and markets are held throughout the year, reflecting a quiet, family-oriented island life.