Mediánové

Mediánové is an adjective form derived from medián, the Czech term for the statistical median. It is used to describe concepts, methods, or quantities that relate to the median rather than the arithmetic mean. The word appears in statistics, data analysis, image processing and robust statistics to indicate median-based characteristics or procedures.

In statistics and data analysis, mediánové odhady refer to estimators that rely on the median, which makes them more robust to outliers compared to mean-based estimators. Mediánová regrese, also known as quantile regression at the 0.5 quantile, estimates the conditional median of the response variable and is a key example of median-based modeling. The concept emphasizes central tendency measured by the median rather than the mean.

In robust statistics, mediánové metody aim to resist the influence of extreme values. The median absolute deviation (MAD) is a common mediánová odchylka used as a robust measure of variability; it is defined as the median of the absolute deviations from the data’s median.

In signal and image processing, mediánový filtr uses the median of a pixel’s neighborhood to replace the pixel value, effectively reducing impulse noise while preserving edges. This is a classic application of mediánové techniques in practical data cleaning.

Terminology notes: mediánové formy se používají ve spojení se základními pojmy medián, mediánová hodnota, mediánová odchylka a mediánový filtr. The term is primarily a descriptive modifier and is not typically used as a standalone noun.

See also: medián, robustní statistika, kvantilová regrese, MAD, mediánový filtr.