Mbizotërimin

Mbizotërimin is the state or process by which a single actor comes to hold a dominant position in a market, sector, or field, enabling it to influence prices, output, or the entry of competitors. In economic and political contexts it is closely related to the idea of monopoly or hegemonic control. The term derives from the Albanian verb mbizotëroj, meaning to dominate or prevail; mbizotërimi (and its inflected forms like mbizotërimin) denotes that condition or process.

In competition and regulatory discourse, mbizotërimi describes a situation where one actor possesses significant market power that reduces competitive constraints on its behavior. This can result from mergers and acquisitions, control of essential facilities or infrastructure, exclusive agreements, network effects, brand power, or economies of scale. Horizontal and vertical integration, as well as strategic use of exclusive contracts, can contribute to a dominant position.

Indicators of mbizotërimi include a high market share, substantial barriers to entry, control over key inputs or distribution channels, and the ability to set prices or terms with limited competitive discipline. Anti-competitive practices such as predatory pricing, exclusionary conduct, or abuse of dominant position may accompany these conditions.

Impacts of mbizotërimi are debated. Critics argue it can lead to higher prices, lower quality or innovation, and reduced consumer choice, while supporters may cite efficiency gains or economies of scale. Regulatory responses typically involve competition authorities enforcing laws against abuse of dominant position, potentially imposing remedies such as behavioral commitments or divestitures to restore competition. See also monopoly, antitrust, and competition law.