Maturidism

Maturidism is a school of theology within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Abu Mansur al-Maturidi in the 10th century. The school's theological positions are largely in agreement with Ash'ari theology, the other major Sunni school of theology, though there are some notable differences.

Maturidism emphasizes the role of reason and intellect in understanding faith. Al-Maturidi believed that reason could discern the existence of God and the necessity of revelation. He also stressed the importance of human free will and agency, though within the divine decree. This contrasts with some interpretations that might lean more heavily on predestination.

Key doctrines of Maturidism include belief in the absolute oneness of God (Tawhid), the prophethood of Muhammad, the divine scriptures, angels, the Day of Judgment, and divine decree. They affirm the created nature of the Quran, a point of contention with some other theological schools. Maturidis also interpret divine attributes in a way that avoids anthropomorphism.

The school gained prominence in Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent, and its adherents are found throughout the Muslim world. It has played a significant role in shaping Islamic intellectual traditions and continues to be a major theological framework for many Sunni Muslims. The teachings of al-Maturidi were instrumental in providing a rational and systematic approach to Islamic creed, contributing to the intellectual richness of Islamic scholarship.