Matricectomy

Matricectomy is a medical procedure that involves the permanent removal of a nail matrix. The nail matrix is the area at the base of the nail where the nail grows from. This procedure is typically performed to treat chronic ingrown toenails or other nail deformities that cause persistent pain or infection. It can also be performed for cosmetic reasons in cases of severely damaged or discolored nails.

The procedure is usually carried out by a podiatrist or a dermatologist. Before the matricectomy, the affected toe or finger is numbed using a local anesthetic. Once the area is numb, the physician will remove the nail plate, which is the hard, visible part of the nail. Following the removal of the nail plate, the nail matrix is then destroyed. This destruction can be achieved through various methods, including surgical excision, chemical ablation using substances like phenol or sodium hydroxide, or electrocautery. The chosen method depends on the physician's preference and the specific condition being treated.

After the matricectomy, a dressing is applied to the area. Recovery typically involves keeping the wound clean and dry, and it may take several weeks for the skin to heal completely. The main outcome of a successful matricectomy is the prevention of nail regrowth from the treated matrix. While it eliminates the problematic nail, it also means that a new nail will not grow back in its place. Potential risks associated with matricectomy include infection, scarring, and incomplete nail removal, though these are generally infrequent.