Massefordeling
Massefordeling, or mass distribution, describes how mass is arranged within an object or system. It affects the location of the center of mass, rotational properties, and the response to external forces. Mass distribution can be described by density functions: in one dimension a linear density λ(x); in two dimensions a surface density σ(x,y); and in three dimensions a volume density ρ(x,y,z). The total mass is M = ∫ ρ dV.
The center of mass R_cm is defined as R_cm = (1/M) ∫ r ρ dV for continuous bodies, and,
Moments of inertia I quantify how mass is distributed relative to an axis and determine rotational resistance:
Common cases include uniform bodies, where symmetry simplifies calculations, and non-uniform bodies, where density variations must
Determination can be analytical, using density functions, or experimental, via balance tests, imaging methods, or finite
See also center of gravity, barycenter, density, and moment of inertia.