Marshallianske

Marshallianske is a term that refers to the economic principles and theories developed by the British economist Alfred Marshall. Marshall, a prominent figure in the neoclassical school of economics, is best known for his book "Principles of Economics," first published in 1890. This seminal work synthesized much of the economic thought of his time and introduced several key concepts that remain central to modern microeconomics.

Central to Marshallianske is the idea of supply and demand, which Marshall famously illustrated using the metaphor of scissors. He argued that the price of a good is determined by the interaction of both supply and demand, with neither force acting alone. He also introduced the concept of elasticity, which measures the responsiveness of quantity demanded or supplied to changes in price. Another important contribution is the distinction between short-run and long-run equilibrium, recognizing that market conditions can differ significantly over different time horizons.

Marshall also contributed to the understanding of consumer surplus, the benefit consumers receive when they pay less for a good than they are willing to. He further explored the concepts of producer surplus and the role of competition in market outcomes. The Marshallian approach emphasized partial equilibrium analysis, focusing on a single market while holding other factors constant, as a practical tool for understanding economic behavior. While later economists have built upon and critiqued Marshall's work, his fundamental contributions laid the groundwork for much of contemporary microeconomic theory.