Marknadsnedgång

Marknadsnedgång, often referred to as a bear market, is a sustained period in which the prices of securities fall significantly, typically by 20% or more from recent highs. This decline is usually accompanied by widespread pessimism and negative investor sentiment. Marknadsnedgångar can affect various asset classes, including stocks, bonds, and commodities, but are most commonly associated with equity markets.

The duration and severity of a marknadsnedgång can vary greatly. Some can be short-lived corrections, while others can persist for months or even years, leading to substantial losses for investors. Several factors can contribute to a marknadsnedgång, such as economic recessions, geopolitical instability, rising interest rates, inflation, or a bursting of asset bubbles. Corporate earnings declines and increased unemployment are often hallmarks of these periods.

During a marknadsnedgång, investor confidence erodes. This can lead to panic selling, which further drives down prices and can create a self-fulfilling prophecy. Conversely, a marknadsnedgång also presents opportunities for long-term investors to acquire assets at lower prices. The end of a marknadsnedgång is typically marked by a sustained period of rising prices, often referred to as a bull market, signaling renewed investor optimism and economic recovery. Identifying the precise bottom of a marknadsnedgång is challenging, and the transition back to a bull market is usually gradual.