Markerjeinek

Markerjeinek refers to a Dutch term that translates to "marker gene" in English. In genetics, a marker gene is a gene that is used as a selectable marker. This means that it allows researchers to identify which cells have successfully incorporated a specific gene or piece of DNA into their genome.

The most common application of marker genes is in genetic engineering and molecular biology. When scientists introduce new genetic material into cells, not all cells will take up the new DNA. A marker gene is typically introduced along with the gene of interest. This marker gene is designed to confer a readily observable trait, such as resistance to a particular antibiotic or the ability to produce a specific color pigment.

Cells that have successfully integrated the new DNA, including the marker gene, will exhibit this observable trait. For example, if the marker gene confers antibiotic resistance, only the cells containing the modified DNA will survive when exposed to that antibiotic. Researchers can then easily select and grow these surviving cells for further study or application.

Marker genes are crucial tools for ensuring the efficiency and accuracy of genetic modification experiments. They simplify the process of identifying and isolating genetically altered cells, saving time and resources. Examples of commonly used marker genes include genes for antibiotic resistance (like ampicillin resistance or kanamycin resistance) and genes that produce fluorescent proteins (like Green Fluorescent Protein or GFP).