Maloti

Maloti refers to a high-altitude mountain range in southern Africa, running primarily through the Kingdom of Lesotho with parts extending into the eastern Free State province of South Africa. It forms the eastern boundary of Lesotho and is the eastern extension of the Drakensberg system. The highest point in the Maloti is Thabana Ntlenyana, standing at about 3,482 meters above sea level.

Geographically, the Maloti Mountains are part of the greater Great Escarpment and are known for rugged terrain, steep cliffs, and expansive alpine and subalpine grasslands. The range comprises ancient rocks that have been uplifted to create dramatic peaks and deep valleys, contributing to the distinct highland landscape that characterizes the region.

Ecologically, the Maloti host montane ecosystems with rich biodiversity, supporting a variety of flora and fauna adapted to high-altitude conditions. The mountains also serve as important headwaters for several rivers that feed the region’s drainage systems, including catchments that contribute to the Senqu (Orange) River basin and related waterways.

Culturally and administratively, the Maloti-Drakensberg Park, which includes the Maloti and neighboring Drakensberg landscapes, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site designated in 2000. The site protects natural habitats, biodiversity, and cultural resources such as San rock art, while also underpinning Basotho communities and cross-border conservation initiatives. The range remains a destination for trekking, mountaineering, and winter tourism, with facilities and routes that showcase its dramatic scenery and highland climate.