Majuli

Majuli is a river island in the Brahmaputra River, located in the Indian state of Assam. It lies in the Jorhat district and is commonly described as one of the world's largest river islands. The island’s size has fluctuated over time due to the Brahmaputra’s shifting channels and natural erosion, and it has gradually decreased in extent in recent decades.

Majuli is renowned for its satras, Vaishnavite monasteries established in the 15th and 16th centuries by Srimanta Sankardev and his followers. These institutions preserve and promote traditional religious music, dance, literature, and crafts. Notable satras on the island include Kamalabari Satra, Auniati Satra, Garamur Satra, and Dakhinpat Satra. The island also hosts traditional festivals and performances that reflect its distinctive Assamese culture. The population comprises several communities, including Mising and Deori people, whose livelihoods are closely tied to the land and river.

Economy and environment: The local economy centers on agriculture (notably rice and vegetables), fishing, and tourism attracted by the satras and the island’s natural scenery. Majuli faces environmental challenges from annual floods and ongoing erosion of riverbanks, which threaten settlements, arable land, and cultural sites. The government and various agencies implement conservation and disaster mitigation measures to protect both the ecosystem and cultural heritage.

Administration and access: Majuli is administered as part of Jorhat district. It is primarily reached by ferries from Nimati Port near Jorhat; discussions have long focused on building a bridge to improve mainland access, but reliable vehicular connectivity remains limited. The island has attracted attention for preservation efforts aimed at balancing cultural preservation with environmental sustainability.