Majoritets

Majoritets is the term used to denote the principle of governance by the majority. It encompasses the rules and practices by which decisions are determined by more than half of the votes or seats in a decision-making body. Variants include simple majority (more than half of votes cast), absolute majority (more than half of all eligible voters), and qualified or supermajority requirements (for example two-thirds or three-fifths). In legislative settings, majoritets usually determine the adoption of laws, budgets, and executive appointments; in elections and referendums, the side that commands a majority wins.

The concept is a cornerstone of many modern democracies, but it also raises concerns about the rights and voices of minorities. Proponents argue it provides clear and timely decision-making, while critics caution against the tyranny of the majority. To address such concerns, constitutional systems often include protections for minorities, such as enumerated rights, independent courts, federal structures, and, in some cases, higher thresholds for certain decisions.

See also: majority, plurality, supermajority, minority rights, proportional representation, deliberative democracy, consensus democracy.