Maitsehäired

Maitsehäired, also known as dysgeusia, is a condition characterized by a distorted sense of taste. This can manifest as a persistent metallic, bitter, sour, or salty taste in the mouth, even when no food or drink is present. For some individuals, familiar tastes may become unpleasant or altered, while others may experience a complete loss of taste, a condition called ageusia.

The causes of maitsehäired are varied. Oral health issues such as gum disease, infections, or poor dental hygiene can contribute to taste disturbances. Certain medical conditions, including upper respiratory infections, neurological disorders like Bell's palsy or head injuries, and hormonal imbalances associated with pregnancy or menopause, are also commonly linked to dysgeusia. Metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, and vitamin deficiencies, particularly of zinc, can also play a role.

Furthermore, maitsehäired can be a side effect of medications, with many drugs, including antibiotics, chemotherapy agents, and blood pressure medications, known to affect taste perception. Radiation therapy to the head and neck region is another significant cause. Lifestyle factors like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can also impair taste.

Diagnosis typically involves a medical history, physical examination, and sometimes specific taste tests. Treatment strategies depend on the underlying cause. Improving oral hygiene, treating infections, or adjusting medications can resolve the issue. For persistent or untreatable cases, managing the symptoms through dietary modifications or flavor enhancers may be necessary.