Magnetisoituvista

Magnetisoituvista is a Finnish term used to describe substances or materials that can be magnetized in the presence of an external magnetic field. In physics and materials science, magnetizability (or magnetic susceptibility) characterizes how strongly a material responds to a magnetic field, and magnetisoituvista materials are those with a nonzero magnetic response.

Materials classified as magnetisoituvia include ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, and diamagnetic substances. Their behavior is often summarized by the relation M = χH, where M is the magnetization, H is the applied magnetic field, and χ is the magnetic susceptibility. Ferromagnets exhibit strong, often nonlinear magnetization and can retain magnetization after the external field is removed (hysteresis and domain structure). Paramagnets show a positive, typically small χ and magnetization that is proportional to the field and vanishes when the field is removed. Diamagnets have negative χ and generate a weak magnetization opposite to the applied field. Material properties such as permeability, saturation magnetization, and coercivity influence their performance in practical applications.

Common magnetisoituvia materials include iron, nickel, cobalt and their alloys, ferrites, and various rare-earth compounds. These materials are central to technologies such as transformers, motors, magnetic storage, sensors, and medical imaging. Measurement of magnetizability employs techniques like vibrating-sample magnetometry, SQUID magnetometry, and AC susceptibility analysis. The concept is fundamental in both academic research and industrial design of magnetic materials and devices.