Magneettisähköiset

Magneettisähköiset is a Finnish term that translates to "magnetoelectric" in English. It refers to a phenomenon or a material where a magnetic effect is produced by an electric field, or an electric effect is produced by a magnetic field. This coupling between magnetic and electric properties is known as magnetoelectric coupling.

Materials exhibiting magnetoelectric effects can be broadly categorized into single-phase and composite materials. Single-phase magnetoelectric materials are often ferroelectric and/or ferromagnetic materials where the magnetoelectric effect arises from intrinsic interactions within the crystal structure. Composite magnetoelectric materials are typically made by combining piezoelectric and magnetostrictive phases. When an electric field is applied to the piezoelectric component, it deforms, and this mechanical strain is transferred to the magnetostrictive component, inducing a magnetic response. Conversely, applying a magnetic field to the magnetostrictive phase generates strain, which is then converted into an electric voltage by the piezoelectric phase.

The magnetoelectric effect has potential applications in various technological fields. These include the development of novel sensors that can detect magnetic fields with high sensitivity, magnetic memory devices that store information using electric fields, and tunable microwave devices. Research in this area focuses on discovering and designing new magnetoelectric materials with enhanced coupling coefficients and exploring efficient ways to integrate these materials into functional devices. The study of magnetoelectric phenomena is an active area of condensed matter physics and materials science.