M2CrO4

M2CrO4 refers to a class of chemical compounds known as chromate salts, where M represents a monovalent cation. The most common examples are sodium chromate (Na2CrO4) and potassium chromate (K2CrO4). These compounds are typically yellow in color and are soluble in water.

Chromates are derived from chromic acid, H2CrO4, although chromic acid itself is not typically isolated and exists in equilibrium with dichromic acid. The CrO4^2- anion is a tetrahedral ion where a central chromium atom is bonded to four oxygen atoms. The oxidation state of chromium in chromates is +6.

Sodium chromate and potassium chromate are produced industrially by reacting chromium(III) oxide with alkali metal carbonates or hydroxides in the presence of air or oxygen at high temperatures. They find applications in various industrial processes, including dyeing and printing fabrics, as pigments, and in the passivation of metals to prevent corrosion.

Due to the high oxidation state of chromium, chromates are generally considered oxidizing agents. It is important to note that hexavalent chromium compounds, including chromates, are known to be toxic and carcinogenic. Therefore, proper handling and disposal procedures are crucial when working with these substances. Their environmental impact also necessitates careful management to prevent contamination of water and soil.