Lüpilyöntijännitteensä

Lüpilyöntijännitteensä, often translated as breakdown voltage, is a critical electrical property of insulating materials. It refers to the maximum electric field strength a dielectric material can withstand before it loses its insulating properties and conducts electricity. When the applied voltage exceeds the breakdown voltage, the insulating material undergoes electrical breakdown, which can manifest as a spark, arc, or a continuous current flow.

The breakdown voltage depends on several factors, including the type of insulating material, its thickness, temperature, humidity, and the presence of any defects or impurities. Different materials have vastly different breakdown voltages; for instance, air has a much lower breakdown voltage than materials like mica or glass. This property is crucial in the design and application of electrical equipment, such as high-voltage transformers, capacitors, and cables, where reliable insulation is paramount to prevent short circuits and ensure safety. Understanding and controlling the breakdown voltage is essential for the safe and efficient operation of electrical systems. It is often specified in volts per millimeter (V/mm) or kilovolts per millimeter (kV/mm), representing the electric field strength at which breakdown occurs.