Lymfkörtelnsvullnad

Lymfkörtelnsvullnad, also known as swollen lymph nodes, refers to an enlargement of one or more lymph nodes. Lymph nodes are small, bean-shaped glands that are part of the lymphatic system, which plays a crucial role in the immune system by filtering out pathogens and producing white blood cells. Swelling occurs when the lymph nodes become inflamed or infected, indicating that the body is fighting off an illness or foreign invader.

Common causes of lymph node swelling include infections such as the common cold, flu, strep throat, ear infections, and skin infections. Viral infections are a frequent culprit, but bacterial infections can also lead to swollen lymph nodes. In some cases, more serious conditions like mononucleosis, HIV, or certain types of cancer can manifest as lymphadenopathy. Autoimmune diseases can also contribute to lymph node enlargement.

The location of the swollen lymph node can often provide clues about the underlying cause. For instance, swollen nodes in the neck might suggest a throat or upper respiratory infection, while nodes in the armpit could indicate an infection in the arm or breast. Swollen lymph nodes are typically felt as small, soft lumps under the skin. They may be tender to the touch, and the swelling can range from mild to quite noticeable.

Diagnosis usually involves a physical examination, a review of medical history, and sometimes blood tests or imaging studies. Treatment depends entirely on the underlying cause. If the swelling is due to a minor infection, it often resolves on its own as the body recovers. For bacterial infections, antibiotics may be prescribed. If cancer is suspected, further investigations and specific treatments will be initiated. Persistent, painless, or rapidly growing swollen lymph nodes warrant prompt medical attention.