Lymfedémech

Lymfedémech is not a commonly recognized medical term in standard references. It appears to be a misspelling or alternate spelling of lymphedema, a condition defined by persistent swelling caused by impaired lymphatic drainage. Lymphedema can be primary, due to congenital lymphatic abnormalities, or secondary, resulting from surgery, radiation therapy, infection, trauma, or obesity. The most frequent context is after cancer treatment in which lymph nodes are removed or damaged.

Pathophysiology and symptoms: accumulation of protein-rich lymphatic fluid in the interstitial tissue leads to swelling, often in one or more limbs; early stages may be soft and pitting, later stages are firm; skin may become thickened; patients may experience heaviness, tightness, and increased risk of cellulitis.

Diagnosis: based on history and exam; imaging such as lymphoscintigraphy, indirect lymphangiography, or ultrasound; differential diagnosis includes venous insufficiency and lipedema.

Management: aims to reduce swelling, prevent infection, and preserve function. Includes complex decongestive therapy (CDT) with manual lymph drainage, compression garments, careful skincare, exercise; weight management; infection prevention; in refractory cases, surgical options such as lymphaticovenular anastomosis or vascularized lymph node transfer may be considered.

Prognosis: with early diagnosis and ongoing management, progression can be slowed and quality of life maintained. Without treatment, swelling tends to progress and complications such as cellulitis may occur.