Luukõhre

Luukõhre is a term used in Estonian to describe a specific type of cartilage associated with bone. More precisely, it refers to the hyaline cartilage found covering the articular surfaces of bones within joints. This smooth, resilient tissue plays a crucial role in the proper functioning of synovial joints.

The primary function of luukõhre is to reduce friction between articulating bones. Its polished, avascular, and aneural surface allows bones to glide over each other with minimal wear and tear, facilitating smooth and pain-free movement. The elasticity of luukõhre also helps to absorb shock and distribute forces across the joint, protecting the underlying bone from damage.

Histologically, luukõhre consists of chondrocytes embedded within an extracellular matrix composed of collagen fibers and proteoglycans. The high water content of the proteoglycans is essential for its compressive strength and ability to withstand mechanical stress. Unlike other cartilaginous tissues, luukõhre lacks a perichondrium, meaning it receives nutrients through diffusion from the synovial fluid and the subchondral bone.

Damage or degeneration of luukõhre, often due to aging, injury, or diseases like osteoarthritis, can lead to pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility. Due to its limited regenerative capacity, once damaged, it is difficult for luukõhre to repair itself effectively.