Luonnonhoitotyöt

Luonnonhoitotyöt refers to management actions taken to maintain or improve the biodiversity and ecological condition of natural and semi-natural areas. These activities are often carried out in valuable habitats that are threatened by natural succession or human-induced changes. The primary goal is to preserve or restore the specific environmental conditions that support a particular set of species or habitat types.

Common luonnonhoitotyöt include grazing with domestic animals like cattle, sheep, or horses. Grazing helps to keep vegetation open, prevent the encroachment of woody species, and create diverse sward structures beneficial to many insects and ground-nesting birds. Mowing and scything are also employed, often in specific patterns or at particular times to mimic natural disturbance regimes and manage vegetation height and composition.

Another important aspect is the management of water bodies, such as restoring mires, fens, and ponds, or managing water levels to suit aquatic and semi-aquatic species. This can involve clearing drainage ditches or constructing small dams. Tree removal, particularly invasive species or those that would dominate a habitat, is also a common practice. Efforts are made to retain deadwood and veteran trees, which are crucial for many saproxylic organisms.

The planning and execution of luonnonhoitotyöt are typically based on ecological assessments and aim to create and maintain habitats for threatened or characteristic species. These works are often undertaken by environmental authorities, conservation organizations, or landowners with ecological expertise. The long-term success of luonnonhoitotyöt relies on understanding the ecological dynamics of the target area and implementing appropriate, often traditional, management techniques.